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Definition of Biopesticides

FAO Definition

“A compound that kills organisms by virtue of specific biological effects rather than as a broader chemical poison. Differ from biocontrol agents in being passive agents, whereas biocontrol agents actively seek the pest. The rationale behind replacing conventional pesticides with biopesticides is that the latter are more likely to be selective and biodegradable”.

http://www.fao.org/biotech/spec-term-n.asp?id_glo=4875&id_lang=TERMS_E

CABI Definition

“Biopesticides use naturally occurring organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes to control plant diseases and arthropod pests”.

http://www.cabi.org/datapage.asp?iDocID=233

EPA Definition

Biopesticides are certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. For example, canola oil and baking soda have pesticidal applications and are considered biopesticides. Biopesticides fall into three major classes:

1. Microbial pesticides consist of a microorganism (e.g. a bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan) as the active ingredient. Microbial pesticides can control many different kinds of pests, although each separate active ingredient is relatively specific for its target pest[s].

2. Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs) are pesticidal substances that plants produce from genetic material that has been added to the plant.

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/

NRCAN Definition

Biopesticides are products containing natural organisms, or their genes or metabolites, that are used to protect vegetation against damaging pests Biopesticides are viewed as an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides because they attack specific pest targets and are more efficient than chemical pesticides. One example, Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki, or Btk, is the most widely used biological control agent in forestry.

http://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/subsite/biotechnology/faq-13

Wikipedia Definition

The term biopesticide is often used for microbial biological control agents that are applied in a similar manner to chemical pesticides. Commonly these are microbial biological insecticides, but there are also examples of fungal control agents, including Trichoderma spp. and Ampelomyces quisqualis (a control agent for grape powdery mildew). Bacillus subtilis are used to control plant pathogens. Weeds and rodents have also been controlled with microbial agents.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopesticides

 

 

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